Present perfect progressive tense is also known as present perfect continuous tense. It is one of the most frequently used tenses in the English Language.
USAGES
The present perfect progressive tense is used for an action that began in the past, and is still continuing and may continue in the future.
Example:
She has been working in the kitchen since morning.
In this example, it is obvious that the action of "working" began in the morning. Now, it is 12:00 O'clock, and the activity of "working" still continues at the present moment and this action will continue in the future for how long, we don't know. So, we use the present perfect progressive tense in English for such actions.
The present perfect progressive tense is sometimes used for an activity that is now ended but the emphasis is on the continuity of the action. It is used for an act in which continuity and uninterrupted nature are used as a pretext for an explanation or excuse for something.
Examples:
She doesn't feel good this evening. She has been working in the kitchen all day.
I am so tired to help you with your studies. I have been working in the office till late at night.
In the above examples, the continuity and uninterrupted nature of the activities are emphasized as reasons for the consequences in the present.
The present perfect progressive tense is not used with the stative verbs i.e. love, like, believe, know, belong, understand, etc.
Sometimes, especially with verbs study, live, and work, present perfect and present perfect continuous have no real different meaning between the two.
Examples:
She has lived in England for seven years.
She has been living in England for seven years.
They mean the same thing.
Since and For
The word "For" is used for a period of time whereas the word "Since" is used for a point in time or refers to a time that has begun in the past and still continues.
Examples:
STRUCTURE
Positive or Affirmative Sentence
She has been waiting for you since 2:00 O'clock.
Formula:
Subject + has/have + been + Base form of verb + ing.
The formula for making a sentence in the present perfect progressive tense is the same as that of the present perfect except for one addition i.e. "been" which is the past participle of "be". The word "been" is always used with "has/have/had" in the perfect tense.
Negative Sentence
She has not been waiting for you since 2:00 O'clock.
Formula:
Subject + has/have + not + been + Base form of verb + ing.
We add the word "not" just after "has/have" to make a negative sentence in the present perfect progressive tense. The word "not" is one of the most commonly used words for making negation. It is contraction form is "n't". It is an adverb used with the auxiliary or model verbs to make a negative sentence.
Interrogative or Question Sentence
Has she been waiting for you since 2:00 O'clock?
Formula:
Has/have + Subject + been + Base form of verb + ing.
For making questions in the present perfect progressive tense, we put the auxiliary verb "has/have" before the subject.
Negative Interrogative Sentence
Hasn't she been waiting for you since 2:00 O'clock?
Has she not been waiting for you since 2:00 O'clock?
Formula:
Hasn't/haven't + Subject + been + Base form of the main verb + ing.
Has/have + Subject + not + been + Base form of the main verb + ing.
The negative interrogative sentences can be made in two ways. If the word "not" is contracted with the auxiliary verb, then it comes before the subject and if it is not contracted, then the word "not" comes after the subject to make a negative interrogative sentence. In the first sentence, the word "not" has been contracted with the auxiliary verb while in the second sentence, it has been used in expanded form and that's why it has been put after the subject of the sentence.
Has or Have?
RECOGNITION IN URDU
Examples:
Recognition in Urdu is very important. It helps a lot in translation. If you don't know the tense of a sentence, you will be unable to translate it.